Types of innovation in social entrepreneurship: categorization based on a systematic literature review employing the TCCM framework

Abstract

Purpose – The article aims to delineate a typology of innovation in social entrepreneurship through a systematic literature review employing the theory, context, characteristics, methodology (TCCM) framework. Design/methodology/approach – We conducted a systematic literature review, identifying 3,295 articles from Web of Science, Scopus and Emerald from 2010 to Q1 2023. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 60 articles for in-depth analysis. Findings – The study categorizes innovations in social entrepreneurship into five major types: outcome-driven, societal and ethical demand, collective and network-based, intensity-focused, and technology and digital innovations. Each type includes various subcategories reflecting different aspects and impacts of innovation in social entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications – The review is limited to articles published in English and available in selected databases. Future research could explore innovations in social entrepreneurship across different languages and databases. Practical implications – The findings offer valuable guidance for social entrepreneurs, policymakers and researchers by providing a clearer understanding of the different types of innovation in social entrepreneurship and their implications. Social implications – The study emphasizes the role of innovation in addressing social and environmental challenges, promoting inclusive growth and driving sustainable development. It highlights how social enterprises can leverage innovation to create social impact. Originality/value – This research provides a novel typology of innovation in social entrepreneurship, filling a gap in the literature by offering a comprehensive framework that integrates various dimensions of innovation.