@article {5075,
	title = {Managerial Discretion and Constraints: A Bounded Leadership Model},
	journal = {Central European Management Journal},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2019},
	month = {2019},
	pages = {2-32},
	abstract = {Purpose: We propose and test a new leadership model. Our model is an extension of the leaderplex model which proposes that leader cognitive and social complexities are linked with leader effec tiveness indirectly, in a mediation scheme, through behavioral complexity. We enhance the leader plex model with a leader{\textquoteright}s degree of managerial discretion as the moderator of the links in this mediation format.

Methodology: We test our model with a moderated mediation approach (Baron-Kenny four-step procedure and Preacher-Hayes bootstrapping methods).

Findings: We use results of interviews with top leaders in Poland and demonstrate that a leader{\textquoteright}s managerial discretion is a moderator affecting the mediation scheme assumed in the leaderplex model.

Limitations: The sample size is only 29 leaders. To preserve the respondents{\textquoteright} anonymity, their opinions were evaluated by only one researcher who interviewed them directly. The results may be country specific (Poland).

Originality: We define new boundary conditions for the leaderplex model by showing importance of a leader{\textquoteright}s real position (managerial discretion) in an organization. Specifically, we show that the nature of the relationships between the variables of interest will change when a leader operates in one physical environment (e.g., high managerial discretion) rather than another (e.g., low managerial discretion).},
	issn = {2658-0845 },
	doi = {10.7206/jmba.ce.2450-7814.250},
	author = {K{\k a}ciak, Eugeniusz}
}
