@article {7522,
	title = {Certain Knowledge of Administrative Decisions Issued by Artificial Intelligence Systems in the Public Sector: a Comparative Analysis},
	journal = {Krytyka Prawa. Niezale{\.z}ne Studia nad Prawem},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2025},
	month = {3/2025},
	pages = {97-119},
	abstract = {This paper aims to elucidate the matter of certain knowledge pertaining to admini-strative decisions, those issued by artificial intelligence. It also clarifies the position of the administrative judiciary with regard to the adoption of this presumption and through a~comparative analysis of administrative judicial applications in Jor-dan, Egypt, and Morocco. The text addresses the most significant evidence for achieving certain knowledge of an administrative decision {\textendash} and thereby initiating the appeal period against the appellant. The question at hand is whether the administrative judiciary applies the traditional theory of certain knowledge to its counterpart issued by artificial intelligence systems, especially after its inclusion in Jordanian Administrative Judiciary Law No. 27 of 2014. This paper is based on a~comparative descriptive analytical methodology exploring the Jordanian, Egyptian and Moroccan laws.},
	issn = {2080-1084},
	doi = {10.7206/kp.2080-1084.754}
}
